Ground-penetrating radar investigation along Pinjore Garden Fault: Implication toward identification of shallow subsurface deformation along active fault, NW Himalaya

CURRENT SCIENCE, VOL. 93, NO. 10, 25 NOVEMBER 2007 1422 *For correspondence. (e-mail: [email protected]) vertical measurements. Also, the time taken by the different stochastic methods is compared. The longer data spans give reliable results as well as less standard deviation for residuals. Using the single-frequency receiver, the standard deviation of the residuals is the same for all three stochastic methods. The MINQUE model gives more reliable results than the other two procedures and requires high computational time. The simplified MINQUE method gives equivalent results with comparatively low computational time. MINQUE and simplified MINQUE methods give better results in standard deviation of residuals compared to the standard stochastic model, particularly for the vertical measurement of the residuals. Hence deformation-monitoring studies related to mining subsidence or landslides should be analysed using the MINQUE or simplified MINQUE methods.